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 | Amyloid β-protein (Aβ) by β-Amyloid we protein hydrolysis (APP). In normal human body, Aβ is A soluble neuronal metabolite that plays a neuromodulatory role in synaptic plasticity, memory and neurotransmitter release. The imbalance between the production and clearance of Aβ is an early initiating factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Plaques formed by Aβ protein deposition usually appear in the brain of AD patients. The most common subtypes of Aβ in human body are Aβ (1-40) and Aβ (1-42), which are used as diagnostic markers of AD, which provides strong support for early intervention treatment. | |
| Amyloid β-protein (Aβ) by β-Amyloid we protein hydrolysis (APP). In normal human body, Aβ is A soluble neuronal metabolite that plays a neuromodulatory role in synaptic plasticity, memory and neurotransmitter release. The imbalance between the production and clearance of Aβ is an early initiating factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Plaques formed by Aβ protein deposition usually appear in the brain of AD patients. The most common subtypes of Aβ in human body are Aβ (1-40) and Aβ (1-42), which are used as diagnostic markers of AD, which provides strong support for early intervention treatment. | |
| Induction of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a hallmark intermediate filament (IF) in astrocytes that contributes to synapse formation and axonal metabolic homeostasis in the central nervous system, is essential for the formation of an astrocytic process (astrocytosis) during nerve repair. Chronic reactive astrocytosis is associated with several neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. GFAP is also considered as one of the markers for the diagnosis of AD. | |
| Neurofilament L, a subunit of neurofilaments (Nfs), is a cylindrical protein located in the cytoplasm of neurons. Neurofilaments play an important role in the structural stability of neurons, which are present in dendrites, axons and neuronal bodies. Only a small amount of NfL is released under normal circumstances. However, when the nervous system is damaged by inflammation, trauma or neurodegeneration, the release of NfL will increase dramatically. It can be spread through the CSF to blood, body fluids, the content of the NfL and neurologic injury is closely related to the disease. Therefore, NfL is also used as a diagnostic marker for neuronal injury diseases. | |
| Tau protein(microtubule-associated protein tau) is a protein that plays a supporting role in the axons of neurons. It through the regulation of microtubule stability to maintain the structure and function of neurons. In AD patients, tau protein undergoes abnormal phosphorylation and aggregation, forming neurofibrillary tangles, leading to the destruction of neuronal structure and loss of function. Studies have shown that the level of tau protein in the cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients is significantly increased, and the degree of increase is positively correlated with the degree of cognitive decline. Tau protein as AD diagnostic marker for early intervention and treatment provides a strong support. | |
| Tau protein(microtubule-associated protein tau) is a protein that plays a supporting role in the axons of neurons. It through the regulation of microtubule stability to maintain the structure and function of neurons. In AD patients, tau protein undergoes abnormal phosphorylation and aggregation, forming neurofibrillary tangles, leading to the destruction of neuronal structure and loss of function. Studies have shown that the level of tau protein in the cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients is significantly increased, and the degree of increase is positively correlated with the degree of cognitive decline. In addition to tauF, tauB, tauC, tauD, tauE and Fetal-tau are expressed in human brain. tau protein, as a marker for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, provides strong support for early intervention and treatment. |